Thereafter, programming should continue in a nonsecure group home, and finally, on an outpatient basis, in the generic community service system. Enter your email address below and we will send you your username, If the address matches an existing account you will receive an email with instructions to retrieve your username, © 2020 Sigma Theta Tau International Honor Society of Nursing, By continuing to browse this site, you agree to its use of cookies as described in our, I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of Use. This study evaluated the effects of antecedent physical exercise (AE) and a mastery task on behaviorally disturbed children's self-concepts and rates of disruptive behaviors. Staff management procedures are increasingly used to improve quality of care in residential facilities for individuals with mental retardation. http://www.interscience.wiley.com/jpages/1072-0847/, Measurement and meaning: The treatment acceptability construct and comments on lundervold Et Al. These estimates are likely low when considering the fact that 50% of primary care patients with depression and 65% with SUD are undiagnosed or do not seek help. These three conditions have overlapping neurophysiological processes, which complicate the treatment outcomes of a primary physical illness. The former assessment required 40% less time than the latter. A week of baseline was followed by 4 weeks of treatment and, finally another week of return to baseline. Results showed that the groups of peer caregivers learned to perform independently and accurately, increasing and maintaining the activity of the trainees. To assess the effects of the computer-aided program, subjects were also exposed to a control program in which no computer was used. ABA and the computer: A review of the Discrete Trial Trainer. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Fifty-eight children were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: (a) antecedent exercise (jog/walk), (b) “mastery” task (a successive improvement miniaturebasketball shooting task), and (c) no treatment control group. This research concerned antecedent assessment and intervention to reduce physical restraint (protective holding) of children and adolescents with acquired brain injury and serious challenging behaviors (aggression, self-injury, property destruction). Learn more. Kate ReidDr. An alternating treatments design was implemented. The sequelae of pediatric brain injury develop in time whereas injury to an adult brain tends to create static deficits. The viability of treating acute mental illness in a natural setting on an institution's grounds is discussed. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. A peer conducted the baseline and posttraining sessions while the training was conducted by an adult who had no previous interactive history with the subjects. All staff also increased the proportion of their social interactions with clients that were positive in nature, and 6 of the 9 staff increased their distribution of interactions across clients. Generalization measures indicated that: (1) the youth engaged in sports discussions in groups, as well as in the dyads that characterized the training situation; (2) they talked about sports in a setting other than the training setting; (3) they discussed sports with their peers when an unfamiliar teacher was present; and (4) they continued to discuss sports when training tapes and behavioral contracts between the teacher and the peer prompter were withdrawn. For the 12 participating workers, the multi-task assessment revealed preferences for 7 of the workers and subsequently, the paired-task assessment revealed preferences for 4 of the 5 remaining workers. In particular, Schwartz and Baer (1991) question whether staff might be telling us what we want to hear, analogous to the phenomenon of test-takers “faking good” while taking personality tests. However, the lack of available research indicates significantly more research must be conducted before endorsing other ABA methods. Working off-campus? There also was a significant group by testing effect with the means for the experimental group rising whereas the control group means were stable. Effects of increased opportunities within scripted activities on communication rates of individuals with severe retardation. Examples that would be relevant include, but are not limited to: We are less interested in the amount of behaviour change and more interested in the possible explanation of why change is occurring and identifying the conditions needed for lasting change to be established. This study examined the acceptability of four behavioral staff management techniques: instruction/ modeling, reinforcement, punishment, and self-management. The history of autism treatment has been dominated by a series of failed treatments, passing fads, and misinformed theories of etiology. Interventions that can identify changes in the co-variates of physical activity in individuals newly diagnosed. Rigorous experimental designs, including single-subject with replication and group designs are considered for publication. Observations were conducted during the 7 a.m.-3 p.m. and 3 p.m.–7 p.m. shifts in order to provide two separate scores across raters. Aggressive behavior was eliminated in 2 weeks when a point system with response cost and contingent home visits were used. Results revealed that the participants had generalized and maintained (up to 66 weeks) the acquired first-aid skills. The statements, opinions and data contained in the journals are solely This study clearly demonstrates the need for active control conditions, raises questions regarding the relevance of much of the previous research, and suggests that further refinements will be necessary before environments such as those in the present study produce meaningful changes in appropriate environmental interaction in the absence of staff mediation. Preparing direct service staff to teach people with severe disabilities: A comprehensive evalution of an effective and acceptable training program. For example, Andy is involved in work that partners across Europe with people newly diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease who are given an opportunity to experience a novel behavioural-based intervention with storytelling. In light of the continuing need for residential, direct service staff to be able to teach people with severe disabilities, we comprehensively evaluated a program to train staff in behavioral teaching strategies. All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. The issue aspires to present work that is both broad and novel and that might positively influence the internal and behavioural responses of different population groups. Characteristics of the mentally retarded adolescent offender and their implications for residential treatment design. The effects of a video vignette on the treatment acceptability ratings of four behavioral interventions were evaluated. Results indicated that: (a) AE produced significantly less disruptive behavior than no treatment, (b) the “Mastery” task did not produce significantly less disruptive behavior than no treatment, (c) neither treatment produced increases in self-concept relative to no treatment, and (d) changes in self-concept did not mediate AE induced reductions in disruptive behaviors. Furthermore, analyses revealed that there was significantly more personal neglect in group homes and community training homes and significantly less in own homes. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. The most frequent antecedent conditions correlated with restraint were when staff initiated physical contact towards a patient and when a patient refused to go to, or remain in, the “quiet room” when instructed. Each of the five subjects increased his rate of communication acts within the scripted routine context. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. An area of traditional as well as recent concern in congregate settings for people with severe disabilities is ensuring frequent social interactions between direct service staff and individuals who live in the residences. A place from which the first steps created by an intervention can be built upon. Staff working with developmentally handicapped clients were randomly assigned to these conditions, which were presented in role-plays with a handicapped confederate, while the experimenter directed the management techniques toward the reinforcing behaviors of staff. Yet at present parents or caregivers still face serious challenges in identifying scientifically-validated treatment models, and in securing competent and well-trained therapists. A total of 696 participants were studied. While numerous residential programs for mentally retarded adolescent offenders have been established throughout this country, no empirically-based population characteristics have been compiled which are sufficient to guide their systematic design. Overall, staff rated “Instructions”, “Instructions and Modeling”, “Feedback and Praise”, and “Instructions, Feedback, and Praise”, as significantly more acceptable than “Self-Management” and “Self-Management, Feedback and Praise”. Use the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions, 4: 4 ... Hassiotis, AA, Hall, I (2008) Behavioural and cognitive-behavioural interventions for outwardly-directed aggressive behaviour in people with learning disabilities.
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