on each leg. classification of your specimen. There are many species of scale insects that feed on a wide range of host plants. Some are shaped like tiny, headless turtles. setae that are differentiated from other marginal setae; tubular ducts, when present, invaginated. They get their name from protective scale-like coverings they produce, which are not part of the pest itself. and key your specimen to family. Scale insects feed on plant sap. This can be an excellent alternative to pesticides with harsh chemicals. As crawlers, they are highly mobile, six-legged, have no protective cover, and are usually smaller than a pinhead. Scale insects fall into two main categories: armored or soft. You can also resort to the use of biological controls. Control: Effective scale control targets nymphs, before they develop a protective covering, along with mature pests. When you first open the Mealybugs and Mealybug-like Families key, you will be prompted to choose The discoloration of the leaf is one of the first signs of infestation. Plants that are unhealthy and poorly maintained are the ones that are more susceptible to infestation. Aside from the garden, other common places where you can find scale insects are near seashores, shrubland, orchards, mountain, and lowland forests. Be sure to throw them in soapy water solution to kill the pest. The species included were selected Homyden.com is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com. The sooner you act, the easier it is to manage the problem. Most species, unlike armored scales who overwinter as eggs, will overwinter as immature, fertilized female scales. (For branches thicker than 1 inch, try the 3-cut method.) Those fact sheet index page. ), Authors: D. Miller, A. Rung, G. Parikh, G. Venable, A.J. When the adult female is removed from the substrate, a pair of white wax bands were previously included in the Pseudococcidae or mealybugs. The average length is 1/8 inch. While males resemble flies and have legs and wings, females become stationary on tree bark or branches and lose their legs and eyes by reabsorbing them. They grow a waxy covering that gives some species a protective shell. Some species of scale do not require males to reproduce, using parthenogenesis, a form of asexual reproduction, to create offspring instead. One excellent example of the Eriococcidae is the wooly beech scale, Cryptococcus fagisuga. in the spiracular furrows. time they move to the stems or branches of the host. and may occasionally be found on fruit or roots. lecanium, and nigra scale are serious pests not only outdoors, but also in greenhouses and internal landscape environments. Most species produce large numbers of offspring; some species Successful Solutions to Common Plant Problems Value Pack. The Discoloration of Leaves is One of the First Signs of Infestation. Capability, Shape, Texture/Pattern, Benefits, Dangers. You can wrap it around the bark of the affected tree. Common soft scales include: Magnolia scale—largest scale that ranges in color from pinkish-orange to dark brown; Fletcher scale—dark brown in color and shiny; Oak Kermes scale—tan in color and round. Control of scale insects in Florida citrus utilizes native and introduced exotic natural enemies, including predators, parasites, and pathogens. Always read product labels and follow the instructions carefully. Under most conditions, predators and parasites suppress scale pest populations to a level where chemical intervention is unnecessary. In the case of hard scale insects, they have a hard and detachable shell that acts as their covering or armor. It makes the surface yellowish, and eventually, it will fall off. consistent with the hypotheses of most coccidologists. Depending on the species, they vary in color from brown to cottony white and measure up to 1/4 inch long. species develop continuously throughout the year but slow their growth rate during cooler or drier periods. In spring they will continue to feed but also mature and lay eggs (which will then turn into crawlers to find new feeding sites). This key was built to help identify pest soft scale insects (Coccidae). formed as domicile-like structures. Edition 2 - Content last updated April 2014 Armored scales key, key to commonly intercepted armored scales.

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