Corrections? The Jewish canon lumps all together as The Twelve and divides Joel into four chapters; Christian versions combine chapters 2 and 3. [further explanation needed]. 2:4; see Mic. 6. For the worst, see Exod. The Book of Joel is part of the Hebrew Bible and Christian Old Testament, one of twelve prophetic books known as the Twelve Minor Prophets. 2:4). Purpose of Writing: Judah, the setting for the book, is devastated by a vast horde of locusts. 8. 13:6) and that it is a day when the sun and moon will not give light (2:10; 3:15; Isa. [10] This allegorical interpretation was applied to the church by many church fathers. Sometime during Joel’s ministry, the land of Judah was struck by a ferocious locust plague, more intense than any experienced before. • “And I will shew wonders in the heavens and in the earth, blood, and fire, and pillars of smoke. Valley of Jehoshaphat: thought to be synonymous with the Kidron Valley in the New Testament (see Jn. Joel is known as the prophet of Pentecost, because his words about the Holy Spirit were later quoted by Simon Peter on the day of Pentecost (2:28-32). Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... …by the biblical allusion in Joel (2:31). https://www.britannica.com/topic/Book-of-Joel. 13:10). Willmington's Bible at a Glance. • Both declare that the day of the Lord will be dark, not light (2:2, 10, 31; 3:15; Amos 5:18, 20). Author: The Book of Joel states that its author was the Prophet Joel (Joel 1:1). Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). See also works on the Minor Prophets as a whole. 18:1), where Joel predicts will be the scene of God’s final victory over Satan during the Battle of Armaggeddon. This book describes the results of a recent terrible locust plague which had utterly destroyed the crops of Judah, apparently sent from God to punish His people for their sins. [2] Translations with four chapters include: In the 1611 King James Bible, the Book of Joel is formed by three chapters: the second one has 32 verses, and it is equivalent to the union of the chapter 2 (with 26 verses) and chapter 3 (with 5 verses) of other editions of the Bible. In glowing language he predicts the eventual regathering of Israel (2:18, 19, 25-27, 32), and the glorious millennium (3:18-21). Joel 1 and 2 are preserved in the Dead Sea Scrolls, in fragmentary manuscripts 4Q78, 4Q82, and the Scroll Wadi Muraba’at. To answer your question, I thought it would be fun to pretend to interview Joel.Is it true that you're a real Old Testament prophet?Yes, that's correct. After a superscription ascribing the prophecy to Joel (son of Pethuel), the book may be broken down into the following sections: The Book of Joel's division into chapters and verses differs widely between editions of the Bible; some editions have three chapters, others four. [13], Joel 3:10 / 4:10 is a rare reversed reference to swords to plowshares. Announcing our NEW encyclopedia for Kids! The Hebrew text of Joel seems to have suffered little from scribal transmission, but is at a few points supplemented by the Septuagint, Syriac, and Vulgate versions, or by conjectural emendation. A call to national repentance in the face of God's judgment (2:12–17). Banishment of the locusts and restoration of agricultural productivity as a divine response to national penitence (2:18–27). He predicted Pentecost (Joel 2:28-32), and coming events such as Armageddon (Joel 3:1-15) and the Millennium (Joel 3:18). . In description he is graphic; in arrangement lucid; in imagery original, copious, and varied.” (The Twelve Minor Prophets.” Baker Book House, pp. Mentions in the first half of the book to the day of the Lord were also ascribed to this continuator. Plange quasi virgo (Lament like a virgin), the third responsory for Holy Saturday, is loosely based on verses from the Book of Joel: the title comes from Joel 1:8. They may represent Joel's literary use of other prophets, or vice versa. 3. • Note Joel’s words in describing Armageddon: “Proclaim ye this among the Gentiles; Prepare war, wake up the mighty men, let all the men of war draw near; let them come up: Beat your plowshares into swords and your pruninghooks into spears: let the weak say, I am strong” (3:9-10). Ninth century BC, particularly in the reign of, Early eighth century BC, during the reign of, c. 630–587 BC, in the last decades of the kingdom of Judah (contemporary with, c. 520–500 BC, contemporary with the return of the exiles and the careers of, Assis, Elie. See Acts 2:17-21. Promise of future blessings (2:18–32 or 2:18–3:5). This place is thought to be an Old Testament name for the New Testament Kidron Valley (Jn. . Some consider them symbolic of an approaching army while others think they were an actual plague of insects. (The term indicates the short length of the text in relation to longer prophetic texts known as the Major Prophets Content. Joel mentions a blood moon (Joel 2:31), the subject of recent books predicting upcoming judgment, also mentioned in Acts 2:20 as an omen of the day of the Lord. • Joel spoke of beating “plowshares into swords” in preparation for Armageddon (3:10). The prophet employs this plague as an illustration to predict a future invasion at which time enemy soldiers would cover the land as did the locusts, only to suffer total destruction by the God of Israel Himself. [5], The differences of the division is as follows:[6]. Book of Joel, second of 12 Old Testament books that bear the names of the Minor Prophets. The table below represents some of the more explicit quotes and allusions between specific passages in Joel and passages from the Old and New Testaments. He depicts this terrible period in graphic terms: • “A day of darkness and gloominess, a day of clouds . Joel’s role in the Bible. Details of exact ascriptions differed between scholars. (The term indicates the short length of the text in relation to longer prophetic texts known as the Major Prophets.). Joel, under divine inspiration, compares that terrible locust plague to the coming tribulation period. We don’t know much about him, and we don’t know much about how his message was received. Calvin took a literal interpretation of chapter 1, but allegorical view of chapter 2, a position echoed by some modern interpreters. • Both speak of mountains “dripping” with wine (3:18; Amos 9:13). "Introduction to the Old Testament (Hebrew Bible) – Lecture 23 – Visions of the End: Daniel and Apocalyptic Literature", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Book_of_Joel&oldid=971380430, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, The effects of these events on agriculture, farmers, and on the supply of agricultural offerings for the. 2. He has no abrupt transitions, is everywhere connected, and finishes whatever he takes up. .” (2:2), • “The earth shall quake . Joel. To call the people back to God who were suffering from a locust plague due to sin. This splitting of the book's composition began to be challenged in the mid-twentieth century, with scholars defending the unity of the book, the plausibility of the prophet combining a contemporary and apocalyptic outlook, and later additions by the prophet.

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