atp and energy systems

Acidosis has been referenced to cause burning sensation within working muscles. Energy Systems and ATP: Phosphagen, Glycolytic and Oxidative, In our earlier post on the Energy Systems series, we discussed, Metabolic Energy Basics – availability and storage. The ATP-CP system, is the fastest and a major energy contributor for all-out exercise lasting up to about 10 seconds. The first system is the ATP-PC system. You’ve probably heard the term “lactic acid” in regard to muscle soreness or fatigue–however, both of those common remarks are inaccurate. The Krebs Cycle (those that studied Biology at A Level I’m sure will have flash backs of this) and the Electron Transport Chain. These pathways for coping with and powering work have incredible impacts on human performance, health, and longevity. With age, the body begins to lose some of its abilities including exerting strength at speed. Most physical activity lasts longer than 15 seconds, and with continuous energy demands the body switches fuel sources to sugars. Take home point: ATP must be present for muscles to contract. However, before free fatty acids can enter the Krebs cycle they must enter the process of beta oxidation where a series of chemical reactions downgrades them to acA and hydrogen. To alleviate this, hydrogen combines with the enzymes NAD and FAD and is sent to the electron transport chain. Muscle fatigue occurs by delaying or inhibiting a particular metabolic and/or mechanical process involved in muscular contraction. Exerting further effort up to approximately 50 seconds results in another drop in power due to the shift in dependence on the oxidative system. The body uses ATP as the ultimate energy package to perform all cellular actions, including muscular contractions producing movement and balance. I will do my best, but some “high-tech” discussion is necessary. If you’re training for a long distance run, your Type I muscle fibers will develop more mitochondrial density to power a stronger oxidative system. It can get even worse when sifting through all the biochemical processes. Performing HIIT (High Intensity Interval Training) style programs with work periods lasting 20 to 40 seconds engages sugar metabolism as a major energy contributor. For example, in a 10 second sprint aerobic system contributes about 13% of necessary energy; and becomes an equal 50% energy provider by the 70 seconds mark. Training the ATP-PC Energy System To develop this energy system, sessions involving repeats of up to 10-15 seconds of maximum intensity activity/work are required, with approximately two minutes rest between repeats to allow the system to replenish. The Immediate Energy System in skeletal muscle utilizes several integrated chemical reactions to liberate energy for cellular work in an explosive, rapid sequence, but then quickly put the ATP back together again.

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